Calculating Cargo Load

Calculating Cargo LoadMV STC Bulk newsboy is a ge atomic number 18d handy max bulk carrier with five strikes and a DWT of 49500T (summer).SHIPS GENERAL PARTICULARS separate STC BULK CARRIERTYPE BULK CARRIERDWT SUMMER49500 TDISPALCEMENT SUMMER57923TONNESDISPLACEMENT spend56423TONNESNUMBER OF HOLDS5 (ALL CAN CARRY HEAVY ORE )CRANES430 TONNESHEAVY WEATHER HOLDNO 3BALLAST PUMP CAPACITY2x2000T/HrCONSUMPTIONFO-32TONNES PER sidereal dayDO-2TONNES PER DAY IN PORTFW-4TONNES PER DAY IN PORT AND AT SEASEA SPEED14 KNOTSThe ship has received the pilgrimage orders as followsDischarge bulk net profit SF 1.224 m3/tonnes at Jubail victimization 3 vacuum discharge at a rate of 250t/hr per vacuum dischargeLoad maximum burden of randomness SF 0.87 m3/tonnes with 4 shore feeders at Sharjah.Maximum draft at Sharjha berth is 15 metresVessel allow receive the postulate bunkers for the voyage at Sharjah after incubus operation.DISTANCE FOR THE VOYAGES Distance Dar Es Salam to Jubail is 3744 NmDi stance Jubail to Sharjah is 373 NmDistance Sharjah to Summer Load Line is 3210 NmDistance Sharjah to Melbourne is 6490 NmThe vessel is presently in tropical zone and will be unveiling the summer zone on its way to Melbourne , so committal should ne loaded keeping in mind that the vessel should be at present summer marks an arrival at summer load line i.e zone allowance should be added to get the correct value of load to be loaded .This assignment covers a detail count on how to get the tally centre of lode to load when vessel will be entering from one zone to other and different loadicator conditions .ANSWERGather in shitation relating to the freight rate from the IMSBC, comp each procedure, signal state requirements. deterrent if the despatch is in group A, B, CSulphur is in Group B and Group C. The IMSBC states that the group B cargo of sulphur can non be carried in bulk so we will be carrying group C sulphur cargo.GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR education OF HOLDSTool box meet ing to be carried turn divulge (MCA, 2016)Risk assessment to be carried stunned (MCA, 2016)Communication to be examine between the hold ,bridge and cargo take room (MCA, 2016)The cargo hold to be properly ventilated , gasses to be analyze and a permit of work to be issued (MCA, 2016) (IMO, 2016)Dunnages to be removed if any.Bilges to be cleaned and dry (PI, 2002) hum boxes, bilge covers, appear pipes and thermometer pipes should be cleaned and non be defectedBilge suction of each hold to be tried out and bilges in good order (IMO, 2016)Bilges to be covered with burlap.The respiration should be tried out whatsoever distress in the cargo hold to be rep expressioned (MCA, 2016) have in mind covers and entrance to the holds to be tried out for pee tightness (PI, 2002)Hatch track ways to be cleaned (PI, 2002)All lighting arrangement in holds to be checked and any ill- dropd or not working ones to be replaced (MCA, 2016)Fire detection extinguishing system should be checked (S TC, 2017)A fundamental hold revue to be carried out (PI, 2002)Crew should stand helmets, gloves, boiler suits, debris masks and gum boots at all time during killing process ,safety harness to be utilize when working aloft in the holds (MCA, 2016)DB tanks to be pressed to check if any leaks in the holds.Discharging of hold washing water should be carried out in accordance with MARPOL Annex V regulation 4.1.3 6.1.2 (IMO, 2011)Test entries to be logged down (STC, 2017)Any special requirements by the terminal, owners or flag state for hold preparation should be carried out.ADDITIONAL PREPARATION FOR SULPHUR CARGOFresh water washing of holds to be carried out. (PI, 2002) (IMO, 2016)Fire line to be rinsed using fresh water from fresh water tanks using a GS pump. Once the line is flushed come sure that the anchor wash and all fire hydrants ar shut (PI, 2002)Holds and bilges to be alone dry before burden (IMO, 2016)Electric equipments in holds nearby steads should be intrinsica lly safe or if not hence they should be isolated (IMO, 2016)Ventilators Spark arrestors to be inspected repaired if postulate (IMO, 2016)Bilge pumping arrangement shall be inspected for satisfactory operationlime washing should be through on tank top and frown sections of cargo spaces (IMO, 2016)Upper part of the hold shall have a sound coating of pigment, if any winder has been pilled off then that area shall be painted (IMO, 2016)Any loos corrosion shall be removed (IMO, 2016)Machinery and equipments to be covered to protect it from small sulphur dust particles (IMO, 2016)ANSWERHAZARDS OF sensible SUGAR AND SULPHURRAW SUGAR dent dissolve when comes in contact with water, this whitethorn result in formation of air pockets in the body of the cargo as the ship moves (IMO, 2016) (PI, SEPT 2006)It has a tendency of self change/spontaneous combustion. It should be loaded tumesce clear of places having address of ignition or heatSugar has the tendency to absorb order (BMTSURVE YS, NOVEMBER 2013) affectionate sugar gets contaminated (BMTSURVEYS, NOVEMBER 2013)Shrinkage or shortage of cargo due to loss of water vapour (BMTSURVEYS, NOVEMBER 2013)Insect may be formed in sugar which can lead to dioceanses (BMTSURVEYS, NOVEMBER 2013)Sugar if melted may form sticky syrup like form (PI, SEPT 2006)Raw sugar has a distinct molasses smell that will spoil other cargoes (Thomas, n.d.)Raw sugar has a higher wet than refined (Thomas, n.d.)SULPHUR Flammable and may have dust explosion during loading and unloadingIf catches fire emits slanderous gasesIt reacts with sea water and produces sulfurous acids and suffocating gases past of granule sulphur behaves like grain which may result in shifting of cargoDry sulphur does not react with bare steel, but wet sulphur (sulphur deporting free water) is potentially highly corrosive (PI, 2002)When sulphur is loaded, any retained free water filters to the bottom of the holds during the voyage From there it is pump out via the b ilges (PI, 2002)Person may get a burning sensation in eyes when loading sulphurPRECAUTIONS WHEN LOADING AND DISCHARGING RAW SUGAR IN BULK Should be loaded away from the source of heat. NO SMOKING near the area of loading sugar (PI, SEPT 2006)The ships hold should be cleaned well before loading and should be free from any odourProper PPE to be worn by crew at all the timeDust clouds should not be formed during loadingTemperature and wet contains of sugar to be monitored during loading and carriage and if required ventilation should be carried out to avoid caking ferment may result in formation of CO2 gas. Holds must be ventilated before gate and atmosphere to be checked (BMTSURVEYS, NOVEMBER 2013) warhead operation should not be carried out in encase of rainCare must be taken to make sure that hot sugar is not loaded into a bulk carrier intended to sail through cold waters to its discharging port, as change in temperature establish within a cargo can result in moisture transfer, a nd this in turn can cause caking of the cargo (Thomas, n.d.)PRECAUTIONS WHEN LOADING AND DISCHARGING SULPHUR IN BULK ingest and hot work shall not be permitted in cargo spaces and nearby areaAll spaces and storerooms adjacent to the cargo area should be properly ventilated and proper precautions should be taken when entering in cargo hold and atmosphere should be monitoredA fine spray of fresh water is used to keep the dust downThe loader should be positioned properly to avoid formation of dust cloudsLoading operation should not be carried out in case of heavy rainProper trim of cargo to be doneSurface ventilation must be carried out as required during the voyageFace mask and eye protection should be worn at all timeLime washing of the tank top to be carried out cargo holds and bilges do be completely dry to prevent corrosionThe upper part of the hold should be painted and pilled of paint should be repainted to avoid corrosion (IMO, 2016)Protect the machinery and equipments from small dust particles of sulphur (IMO, 2016)If sulphur catches fire, it should be suppressed with more sulphur or with a very fine spray of fresh water not salt water (Thomas, n.d.)There is danger of dust explosion with powdered sulphur during loading and whilst cleaning the holds of sulphur (Thomas, n.d.)The shipper is required to provided the information regarding the cargo to be loaded as per SOLAS 1974 Chapter VI Reg 2 and the IMSBC enrol section 4.2. Shipper may deliver this declaration by fax or other electronic device. In any electronic device where the signature of the declaring party cannot be transmitted full prenomen of the declarant in capital letters must be provided on the form (STC, 2017)Cargo information shall be confirm in written and by suitable shipping document before loading (IMO, 2016)Document should contain following information.The BCSN (IMO, 2016)The group of cargo (IMO, 2016)IMO class of the cargo (IMO, 2016)The UN number if applicable (IMO, 2016)The tot al quantity of cargo to load (IMO, 2016)The stowage factor (IMO, 2016)If trimming required and the procedures for trimming (IMO, 2016)Angle of repose (IMO, 2016)If the cargo has a likelihood of shifting (IMO, 2016)Moisture content certificate (IMO, 2016)Transportable moisture limit value (IMO, 2016)If the cargo may form a wet base (IMO, 2016)Toxic or flammable gases emitted by the cargo (IMO, 2016)Flammability ,toxicity, corrosiveness of the cargo (IMO, 2016)Self heating properties of the cargo if any (IMO, 2016)Gases emitted if in contact with water if applicable (IMO, 2016)If the cargo has any radioactive properties (IMO, 2016)And other information required by the national authorities (IMO, 2016)Whether the cargo is harmful to the marine environment (IMO, 2016)Shipper details (STC, 2017)Transport document number (STC, 2017)Means of transport (STC, 2017)Place of loading (STC, 2017)Port of discharging (STC, 2017)Additional certificate like weathering certificate ,exemption certifica te if applicable (STC, 2017)Human health criteria selective information (STC, 2017)To obtain the information require by the section 4 of IMSBC code the shipper need to get the cargo properly sampled and tested (IMO, 2016)When water is found cargo holds loaded with bulk cargo there are a many reasons and each should be taken into account (PI, 2017) (Thomas, n.d.)The water may be condition out by the cargo or there is a leak in hatch covers. It may have entered through any access hatch or an open sounding pipe. Water may have sipped in through a crack in the deck or the hatch advent or through a slanderd ventilator (PI, 2017) (Thomas, n.d.)Ship staffs should have an accurate idea of the power of the hold bilge wells i.e. the greatest value are the sounding of the bilge when full and the pronounce tonnage of water contained by the bilge when full (PI, 2017) (Thomas, n.d.)Aboard a ship which is well hold the possible cause for an increased hold bilge sounding is that water has drai ned from the cargo into the bilge. When water is drain from the cargo there are two key requirements. The water must be pumped out of the bilge and not allowed to flood the hold, and the tonnage of water removed must be logged. It is wise to keep a record of the tonnage of water discharged from the hold bilges, as recommended by the UN draught Survey Code24 and in some trades it is a charter party requirement (PI, 2017) (Thomas, n.d.)When soundings are found to be rising for no reason a problem must be suspected and the hold must be investigated for a leak. The accessibility to the hold will depend upon the quantity of cargo, speed of flooding, shifting cargo and dangerous gases. If the hold can be safely entered, taking all precaution for enclosed space entry it may be possible to find an explanation for the flooding. If the hold cannot be entered, a calculated exterior inspection of the compartment in search for any fitting which is improperly closed or damaged. If the sounding is found to increase whenever the vessel ships water on deck, a leak at deck direct should be suspected. If the flooding continues at the same rate, or an increasing rate, at all times it suggests that the damage is below water level (PI, 2017) (Thomas, n.d.)FOLLOWING ACTIONS TO BE CARRIED OUT Firstly find out the amount of water in the hold and the root cause of water ingressCarry out a risk assessment of the situation relegate the sounding of the bilges ballast tanks ,fuel oil tanks, void spaces etcNo cargo operation to be carried out in hold No1 until total assessment of situation carried outStability of the ship to be checkedIf entry in hold is to be done then ventilate the holds and work permit to be issuedInform the terminal about the damageCalculate the total amount of cargo damaged nominate a log book entry of all the eventsMake sure all man holds nut bolts full tight and gasket in good conditionCheck comings, booby hatch entrance and deck plaiting for leakageMake sure all the bilge valves are properly shutDo not allow anyone to take pictures of the hold without permissionIf cargo damage is found, contact PI correspondents and ask them to arrangement of a survey.Following information to be given to correspondents- name of the vessel, date of the incident ,place of the incident , cargo particulars, quantity of damaged cargo, amount of the damage, location of cargo, bill of clog no, loading port, loaded quantity ,cause of the damage, contact details of the agent ETA/ETD of the vessel (PICLUBJAPAN, n.d.)Try to control further damage by taking all possible measures for lessening of damage unless such would come to a risk to the vessels safety (PICLUBJAPAN, n.d.)Take photos of the damaged cargo and the suspected causes (PICLUBJAPAN, n.d.)Log book entries like, sea conditions, weather and wind force (PICLUBJAPAN, n.d.)Sea protest should be filed at next calling port, if the damage was caused by bad weather (PICLUBJAPAN, n.d.)Make sure all time delays hav e been loggedFOLLOWING PERSONS TO BE INFORMED OwnersCharters and sub chartersManagerLocal agentsVessels insurance club e.g. PIDPATechnical superintendent of the shipTerminalClass of the vesselOTHER REFRENCES (Swedishclub, 2013) (PI, 2017) (WEST OF ENGLAND , n.d.)Q10 PROCEDURE FOR MAINTAINING THE CARGO LIFTING PLANRegular maintenance should be carried out in order to keep the equipment in good order (MCA, 2006) (MCA, 2016)Inspection of the equipments should be carried out by a competent mortal. It should be carried out as required by the Regulations but in any event at least once annually (MCA, 2006) (MCA, 2016)Check for defects like cracks, corrosion and wear and tear that could affect SWL (MCA, 2006) (MCA, 2016)If in doubt about the equipment has , exceeding the Safe Working Load (SWL), or subjected to treatment likely to cause damage, it should be removed of service till a competent person carries out an examination (MCA, 2016) (MCA, 2006)Regular greasing of equipments to be carr ied out (MCA, 2006)The condition of all ropes and chains should be checked regularly and damaged once to be replaced .Shackles, links and rings should be renewed if damaged (MCA, 2006) try the structure for any damages (MCA, 2016)There should not be any trapped water intimate the Gantries (MCA, 2016)Limit switch, stop botton, controls and brakes to be checked on regular basis (MCA, 2016)Makers specific part to be used if any parts are to be replaced. Once any maintenance is done the equipment should be examined by a competent person before using it (MCA, 2016)Cranes The annual inspections and periodical organic examination shall be carried out. Inspection and maintenance should be carried out as per the Planned Maintenance inscription (PIUK, n.d.)The following things shall be inspected for signs of deformation, corrosion, cracks, etcCrane JibsWinch and the foundation of the winch.Goose neck, blocks, shackles, hooks, spider bands etcMarking on the set up should be checked and cl early visiblelocking arrangements of all shackles and blocks to be inspectedlubrication of all the parts should be carried out as per the lubrication plan in plan maintenance systemAll wires shall be inspected for any damagesHydraulic systems to be inspected for proper functioningBlocks Annual inspection of blocks to be carried out. Responsible Ships officer should carry out periodic inspection of the blocks on a periodical basis. Carry out the inspection and maintenance as per the PMS (PIUK, n.d.)Following checks to be carried outCheck for free movement of sheave heads and swivelCheck grooves on sheave for wear and tearCheck if any distortion or damage on side plate.Check for any play in the axel pinCheck that the thread of the pin is in good order .Check split pin andGrease nipples and markings should not be painted .Lubrication to be carried out as per the lubrication chartSlings(PIUK, n.d.)Slings should be annually inspectedResponsible Officer should inspect it before usePeriod ic inspection should be carried out a per PMSDuring these inspections the following shall be checked-Check if any broken strands, kinks and corrosion.Check rings, thimbles, for damages, deformity and corrosion.Slings should not be used if any signs of damageLubrication as per the manufacturersCheck the tags on sling and compare it with the certificate. A sling without a tag should not outfits Wire ropes should be inspected regularly and replaced if stands broken, kinked, worn, or corroded. They should be lubricated and renewed as per the PMSReference (MCA, 2016) (MCA, 2006) (STC, 2017) (PIUK, n.d.)